HEALTHCARE COST & UTILIZATION PROJECT

User Support

Do Your own analysis
Explore Expert Research & Limited Datasets
STATISTICAL BRIEF #92


July 2010


Mental Health and Substance Abuse-Related Emergency Department Visits among Adults, 2007


Pamela L. Owens, Ph.D., Ryan Mutter, Ph.D., and Carol Stocks, R.N., M.H.S.A.



Introduction

An estimated one in three individuals has suffered from a mental health or substance abuse condition within the last 12 months,1 yet the community treatment system to support services for these individuals is regarded as ineffective.2 This is particularly evident in emergency department (ED) utilization. The number of patients with mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) conditions treated in EDs has been on the rise for more than a decade.3 Not only is this of concern to members of the mental health community, but also to the members of the emergency medicine community who are concerned that ED overcrowding results in decreased quality of care and increased likelihood of medical error.4 As a specific example, a 2008 American College of Emergency Physicians’ ED directors’ survey reported that patients with MHSA conditions not only have had increased ED boarding times, but also that the resource-intensive care required for these patients has an impact on the quality of care for all other patients in the ED.5

This Statistical Brief presents data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) on MHSA-related ED visits among adults in 2007. Specifically, patient and utilization characteristics of ED visits for MHSA are discussed and compared with all other types of ED visits. The distribution of MHSA-related ED visits are presented by age and primary expected payer. The MHSA conditions described here include those conditions found in the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, excluding dementia and intellectual disabilities. The Brief also provides information about the types of MHSA conditions by age and primary expected payer. In addition to prevalence estimates, data on the likelihood of hospital admission are presented. Estimates are based on all-listed diagnoses. All differences between estimates noted in the text are statistically significant at the 0.05 level or better.

Findings

General findings
In 2007, of the 95 million visits made to the emergency department (ED) by adults in the U.S., 12.0 million (12.5 percent) were related to MHSA (table 1)—4.1 million of which had mental health or substance abuse conditions listed as a primary diagnosis. Nearly 41 percent (4.8 million visits) of these MHSA-related ED visits resulted in hospital admission—an admission rate that is over two and a half times that for ED visits related to other conditions (figure 1).

Table 1 shows that the majority of MHSA-related ED visits were for women (53.9 percent). The largest percentage of MHSA-related ED visits (46.6 percent) were for younger adults ages 18 to 44 years, followed by 45 to 64 year olds (34.5 percent). Adults 65 years and older accounted for nearly one in five (18.9 percent) MHSA-related ED visits. Compared with ED visits for other conditions, those related to MHSA were more likely to be for 45 to 64 year olds (34.5 percent versus 25.8 percent) and less likely to be for adults 18 to 44 years (46.6 percent versus 52.4 percent) and 65 years and older (18.9 percent versus 21.8 percent).
Highlights
  • In 2007, 12.0 million emergency department (ED) visits involved a diagnosis related to a mental health and/or substance abuse condition (MHSA), accounting for 12.5 percent of all ED visits in the U.S., or one out of every eight ED visits.


  • MHSA-related ED visits were two and a half times more likely to result in hospital admission than ED visits related to non-MHSA conditions—nearly 41 percent of MHSA-related ED visits resulted in hospitalization.


  • Medicare was billed most frequently for MHSA-related ED visits (30.1 percent), followed by private insurance (25.7 percent), uninsured (20.6 percent), and Medicaid (19.8 percent).


  • Visits related to mental health conditions accounted for 63.7 percent of all MHSA-related ED visits. Substance abuse conditions accounted for 24.4 percent of all MHSA-related ED visits, and co-occurring MHSA conditions accounted for 11.9 percent.


  • ED visits billed as uninsured were two to four times less likely to result in hospital admission, depending on the type of MHSA condition.


  • Mood disorder was the most common MHSA reason for an ED visit (42.7 percent), followed by anxiety disorders (26.1 percent), and alcohol-related conditions (22.9 percent). The remaining common conditions included drug-related conditions, schizophrenia and other psychoses, and intentional self-harm.

Medicare, healthcare insurance for those 65 years and older or those on Social Security Disability Insurance, was billed more frequently for MHSA-related ED visits (30.1 percent), followed by private insurance (25.7 percent), uninsured (20.6 percent), and Medicaid (19.8 percent). In contrast, private insurance was billed more frequently for most other types of ED visits (34.5 percent), followed by Medicare (24.7 percent), uninsured (20.6 percent), and Medicaid (14.9 percent).

Types of MHSA-related ED visits
Table 1 shows the distribution of MHSA-related ED visits, including those related to only mental health conditions (i.e., not substance abuse condition), those related to only substance abuse conditions (i.e., not mental health conditions), and those related to co-occurring MHSA conditions. Over 7.6 million ED visits related to mental health conditions only, accounting for 63.7 percent of all MHSA-related ED visits. Nearly 3.0 million ED visits related to substance abuse conditions only, accounting for 24.4 percent of all MHSA-related ED visits. Over 1.4 million visits related to co-occurring MHSA conditions, accounting for 11.9 percent of MHSA-related ED visits.

Patient and payer characteristics of types of MHSA-related ED visits
Table 1 shows that ED visits related to mental health conditions were more likely to be for women (65.4 percent), while ED visits related to substance abuse conditions (29.3 percent) and co-occurring MHSA conditions (43.0 percent) were less likely to be for women and more likely to be for men. Regardless of the type of condition, MHSA-related ED visits were more likely to be for younger adults 18 to 44 years.

ED visits related to co-occurring MHSA conditions were disproportionately more likely to be for 18–44 year olds—58.8 percent of ED visits for co-occurring MHSA conditions were for 18–44 year olds (versus 42.7 percent for mental conditions only and 50.7 percent for substance abuse conditions only). ED visits related to mental health conditions were disproportionately more likely to be for the oldest adults 65 years and older (25.3 versus 9.1 and 5.2 percent related to substance abuse conditions and co-occurring MHSA conditions, respectively).

Medicare was billed more frequently for mental health-related ED visits (37.2 percent), followed by private insurance (27.5 percent) and Medicaid (18.3 percent). Fewer mental health-related ED visits were billed as uninsured (13.8 percent). In contrast, the largest percentage of substance abuse-related ED visits was billed as uninsured (35.6 percent). Private insurance accounted for 22.2 percent of substance abuse-related ED visits, followed by Medicaid (20.7 percent) and Medicare (16.3 percent). Nearly one-fourth of ED visits for co-occurring MHSA conditions were billed as uninsured (26.3 percent) or to Medicaid (25.7 percent) or private insurance (23.4 percent). Medicare accounted for 20.3 percent of ED visits related to co-occurring MHSA conditions.

Admission status for MHSA-related ED visits, by age and expected payer
Figure 1 highlights that ED visits related to co-occurring MHSA conditions were the most likely to result in hospital admission (57.1 percent), followed by visits related to mental health conditions (39.3 percent), and substance abuse conditions (36.6 percent). Figures 2 and 3 show that visits related to co-occurring MHSA conditions were more likely to result in hospital admission than either visits related to mental health only or substance abuse only within age and payer groups.

Admission rates increased with age, regardless of the type of MHSA-related ED visits (figure 2). ED visits for adults 18 to 44 years with mental health conditions were the least likely to result in hospital admission (20.3 percent), while ED visits for adults 65 years and older with co-occurring MHSA conditions were the most likely to result in admission (82.0 percent).

Hospital admission rates varied by expected payer (figure 3). ED visits billed to Medicare were more likely to result in admission, regardless of the type of MHSA condition (58.9, 58.0, and 70.8 percent, related to mental health only, substance abuse only, and co-occurring MHSA, respectively). ED visits billed as uninsured were the least likely to result in hospital admission, regardless of the type of MHSA condition (15.1, 23.8, and 41.3 percent related to mental health only, substance abuse only and co-occurring MHSA, respectively).

Number and distribution of ED visits for the most frequent all-listed MHSA conditions, by age and expected payer
As shown in table 2, the most common all-listed reason for a MHSA-related ED visit was mood disorder (42.7 percent of MHSA-related ED visits), followed by anxiety disorders (26.1 percent), alcohol disorders (22.9 percent), drug disorders (17.6 percent), schizophrenia and other psychoses (9.9 percent), and intentional self-harm (6.6 percent). The top five conditions accounted for 96.0 percent of all MHSA-related cases in the ED, taking into account that there may be multiple diagnoses on an ED record. Some variation was noted by age and expected payer. For example, among adults 65 years and older, mood disorders accounted for over half of the ED visits (52.0 percent) followed by anxiety disorders (28.8 percent), and schizophrenia and other psychoses (11.4 percent). Although mood disorders were the most frequent condition for all age groups and most payers, alcohol-related conditions were the most frequent condition among the uninsured.

Figure 4 shows the age distribution for specific MHSA-related ED visits by condition. ED visits for intentional self-harm (69.0 percent) and drug abuse conditions (63.1 percent) were disproportionately more likely to be for young adults 18–44 years old—accounting for almost 500,000 ED visits and over 1.3 million ED visits in 2007, respectively.

Figure 5 shows that the payer distribution for each of the MHSA condition specific ED visits varied considerably. For example, ED visits related to mood disorders and those related to schizophrenia and other psychoses were disproportionately more likely to be billed to Medicare (36.6 and 47.4 percent, respectively). ED visits related to drug abuse, alcohol abuse, and intentional self-harm were more frequently billed as uninsured than any other payer (33.3, 31.9, and 29.3 percent, respectively).

Data Source

The estimates in this Statistical Brief are based upon data from the HCUP 2007 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). The statistics can also be generated from HCUPnet, a free, online query system that provides users with immediate access to the largest set of publicly available, all-payer national, regional, and State-level hospital care databases from HCUP.

Definitions

Diagnoses, ICD-9-CM, and Clinical Classifications Software (CCS)
The principal diagnosis is that condition established after study to be chiefly responsible for the patient’s admission to the hospital. Secondary diagnoses are concomitant conditions that coexist at the time of admission or that develop during the stay. All-listed diagnoses include the principal diagnosis plus these additional secondary conditions.

ICD-9-CM is the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, which assigns numeric codes to diagnoses. There are about 13,600 ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes.

CCS categorizes ICD-9-CM diagnoses and procedures into clinically meaningful categories.6 This "clinical grouper" makes it easier to quickly understand patterns of diagnoses and procedures. Mental health conditions include CCS 650–659, 662, and 670. Substance abuse conditions include CCS 661 and 662.

Case definition
All-listed CCS diagnosis and external cause of injury codes used to identify mental health and substance abuse cases included:
650 Adjustment disorders
651 Anxiety disorders
652 Attention-deficit, conduct, and disruptive behavior disorders
655 Disorders usually diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence including pervasive development disorders, tic disorders, and elimination disorders
656 Impulse control disorders, not elsewhere classified
657 Mood disorders
658 Personality disorders
659 Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
660 Alcohol-related disorders
661 Drug-related disorders
662 Intentional self-harm/suicide and intentional self-inflicted injury
670 Miscellaneous disorders, including eating disorders, mental disorders in pregnancy, dissociative disorders, factitious disorders, sleep disorders, and somatoform disorders

Although dementia (CCS=653) and intellectual disability/developmental disorders (CCS=654) are listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, these diagnoses, which are frequently characterized by the development of multiple cognitive impairments related to medical conditions, frequently require more medical than psychiatric treatment and thus are excluded from the analysis.

Treat-and-release ED visits
Treat-and-release ED visits were those ED visits in which patients are treated and released from that ED (i.e., they are not admitted to that specific hospital). While the majority of treat-an-release patients (92.2%) were discharged home, some were transferred to another acute care facility (1.5%), left against medical advice (1.7%), went to another type of long-term or intermediate care facility (nursing home or psychiatric treatment facility) (1.6%), referred to home healthcare (0.5%) or died (0.2%), or discharged alive but the destination is unknown (2.2%).

ED visits resulting in hospital admission
ED visits resulting in a hospital stay included those patients initially seen in the ED and then admitted to the same hospital.

Types of hospitals included in HCUP
HCUP is based on data from community hospitals, defined as short-term, non-Federal, general and other hospitals, excluding hospital units of other institutions (e.g., prisons). HCUP data include OB-GYN, ENT, orthopedic, cancer, pediatric, public, and academic medical hospitals. They exclude long-term care, rehabilitation, psychiatric, and alcoholism and chemical dependency hospitals, but these types of ED visits are included if they are from community hospitals.

Unit of analysis
The unit of analysis is the ED visit, not a person or patient. This means that a person who visits the ED multiple times in one year will be counted each time as a separate ED visit.

Payer
Payer is the primary expected payer for the ED visit. To make coding uniform across all HCUP data sources, payer combines detailed categories into more general groups:
  • Medicare includes fee-for-service and managed care. Medicare is a Health Insurance Program for people age 65 or older, some disabled people under age 65 (social security disability insurance), and people of all ages with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure treated with dialysis or a transplant).
  • Medicaid includes fee-for-service and managed care Medicaid patients.
  • Private insurance includes Blue Cross, commercial carriers, and private HMOs and PPOs.
  • Other includes Workers’ Compensation, TRICARE/CHAMPUS, CHAMPVA, Title V, and other government programs.
  • Uninsured includes an insurance status of "self-pay" and "no charge."
When more than one payer is listed for a hospital discharge, the first-listed payer is used.

About HCUP

HCUP is a family of powerful healthcare databases, software tools, and products for advancing research. Sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), HCUP includes the largest all-payer encounter-level collection of longitudinal healthcare data (inpatient, ambulatory surgery, and emergency department) in the United States, beginning in 1988. HCUP is a Federal-State-Industry Partnership that brings together the data collection efforts of many organizations—such as State data organizations, hospital associations, private data organizations, and the Federal government—to create a national information resource.

HCUP would not be possible without the contributions of the following data collection Partners from across the United States:

Arizona Department of Health Services
Arkansas Department of Health
California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development
Colorado Hospital Association
Connecticut Hospital Association
Florida Agency for Health Care Administration
Georgia Hospital Association
Hawaii Health Information Corporation
Illinois Department of Public Health
Indiana Hospital Association
Iowa Hospital Association
Kansas Hospital Association
Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services
Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
Maine Health Data Organization
Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission
Massachusetts Division of Health Care Finance and Policy
Michigan Health & Hospital Association
Minnesota Hospital Association
Missouri Hospital Industry Data Institute
Nebraska Hospital Association
Nevada Department of Health and Human Services
New Hampshire Department of Health & Human Services
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services
New Mexico Health Policy Commission
New York State Department of Health
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
Ohio Hospital Association
Oklahoma State Department of Health
Oregon Association of Hospitals and Health Systems
Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council
Rhode Island Department of Health
South Carolina State Budget & Control Board
South Dakota Association of Healthcare Organizations
Tennessee Hospital Association
Texas Department of State Health Services
Utah Department of Health
Vermont Association of Hospitals and Health Systems
Virginia Health Information
Washington State Department of Health
West Virginia Health Care Authority
Wisconsin Department of Health Services
Wyoming Hospital Association

About the NEDS

The HCUP Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) is a nationwide database of hospital-based ED visits. The NEDS is nationally representative of all community hospital-based emergency departments (i.e., short-term, non-Federal, non-rehabilitation hospital-based emergency departments). The NEDS is a 20% stratified sample of hospital-based EDs and includes records on all patients, regardless of payer. The NEDS contains information on 26 million records (unweighted) on ED visits at over 950 hospitals in 27 states. The vast size of the NEDS allows the study of topics at both the national and regional levels for specific subgroups of patients. The NEDS is produced annually, beginning with the 2006 data year.

About HCUPnet

HCUPnet is an online query system that offers instant access to the largest set of all-payer healthcare databases that are publicly available. HCUPnet has an easy step-by-step query system, allowing for tables and graphs to be generated on national and regional statistics, as well as trends for community hospitals in the U.S. HCUPnet generates statistics using data from HCUP's Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), the State Inpatient Databases (SID) and the State Emergency Department Databases (SEDD).

For More Information

For more information about HCUP, visit http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov.

For additional HCUP statistics, visit HCUPnet, our interactive query system, at www.hcup.ahrq.gov.

For information on other hospitalizations in the U.S., download HCUP Facts and Figures: Statistics on Hospital-based Care in the United States in 2007, located at http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports.jsp.

For a detailed description of HCUP, more information on the design of the NEDS, and methods to calculate estimates, please refer to the following publications:

Steiner, C., Elixhauser, A., Schnaier, J. The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project: An Overview. Effective Clinical Practice 2002;5(3):143–51.

Introduction to the HCUP Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2007. Online. January, 2010. U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/nation/neds/NEDS_2007_Introduction_v5.pdf .

Houchens, R., Elixhauser, A. Final Report on Calculating Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) Variances, 2001. HCUP Methods Series Report #2003-2. Online. June 2005 (revised June 6, 2005). U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/methods/2003_02.pdf.

Suggested Citation
Owens P.L., Mutter R., Stocks C. Mental Health and Substance Abuse-Related Emergency Department Visits among Adults, 2007. HCUP Statistical Brief #92. July 2010. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb92.pdf.

***



AHRQ welcomes questions and comments from readers of this publication who are interested in obtaining more information about access, cost, use, financing, and quality of healthcare in the United States. We also invite you to tell us how you are using this Statistical Brief and other HCUP data and tools, and to share suggestions on how HCUP products might be enhanced to further meet your needs. Please e-mail us at hcup@ahrq.gov or send a letter to the address below:

Irene Fraser, Ph.D., Director
Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
540 Gaither Road
Rockville, MD 20850



1 National Comorbidity Survey and National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Available at: www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs. Exit Disclaimer NCS-R Twelve-month Prevalence Estimates. Table 2. Available at: http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/ftpdir/NCS-R_12-month_Prevalence_Estimates.pdf Exit Disclaimer
2 Institute of Medicine. Committee on Crossing the Quality Chasm: Adaptation to Mental Health and Addictive Disorders. Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. 2006.
3 Larkin, G.L., Claassen, C.A., Edmond, J.A., Pelletier, A. J., and Camargo, C.A. Trends in U.S. Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health Conditions, 1992 to 2001. Psychiatric Services. 2005;56:671–677.
4 Institute of Medicine. Hospital-Based Emergency Care at the Breaking Point. Washington, D.C.: Institute of Medicine. 2004.
5 American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Survey 2008. Fact Sheet. Alakeson V, Pande N, Ludwig M. A plan to reduce emergency room 'boarding' of psychiatric patients. Health Affairs (Millwood). 2010 Sep;29(9):1637-42.
6 HCUP CCS. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). June 2009. U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/ccs/ccs.jsp





Table 1: Characteristics of ED Visits Related to Mental Health and Substance Abuse Conditions among Adults, 2007
Type of ED Visit Type of MHSA-Related ED Visit
  All MHSA Related All Other ED Visits MH Only Related Visit SA Only Related Visit Co-Occurring MHSA Related Visit
Total ED visits in millions 11,956,596 83,410,968 7,616,809 2,918,256 1,421,530
Percentages of ED Visits 12.5% 87.5% 8.0% 3.1% 1.5%
Percentage of all MHSA-related ED visits 63.7% 24.4% 11.9%
Percentage with First-Listed/Principal MHSA Condition1 4,138,992 34.6% 2,198,128 28.9% 970,445 33.3% 970,419 68.3
Patient Characteristics
Female 6,443,732 53.9% 47,690,265 57.2% 4,978,488 65.4% 854,628 29.3% 610,616 43.0%
Age, in years
18–44 5,566,000 46.6% 43,708,616 52.4% 3,249,434 42.7% 1,480,350 50.7% 836,216 58.8%
45–64 4,125,252 34.5% 21,483,295 25.8% 2,442,281 32.1% 1,172,062 40.2% 510,909 35.9%
65+ 2,265,344 18.9% 18,219,057 21.8% 1,925,094 25.3% 265,845 9.1% 74,405 5.2%
Primary Expected Payer2
Medicare 3,585,319 30.1% 20,566,737 24.7% 2,823,381 37.2% 474,813 16.3% 287,125 20.3%
Medicaid 2,355,830 19.8% 12,356,568 14.9% 1,390,624 18.3% 600,823 20.7% 364,383 25.7%
Private 3,064,463 25.7% 28,698,305 34.5% 2,088,024 27.5% 645,016 22.2% 331,423 23.4%
Other 456,323 3.8% 4,354,010 5.2% 244,125 3.2% 151,078 5.2% 61,120 4.3%
Uninsured 2,450,883 20.6% 17,078,258 20.6% 1,042,576 13.8% 1,036,157 35.6% 372,150 26.3%
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2007; dashes indicate that data is not applicable.
Note: MH = mental health; SA = substance abuse; MHSA = mental health and substance abuse
1 Based on first-listed or principal diagnosis or all-listed external cause of injury.
2 Missing expected payer information on 400,870 ED records.


Table 2: Most Common All-Listed MHSA Conditions Seen During an ED Visit, 2007
  Age Categories
  Overall 18-44 Years 45-64 Years 65 Years and Older
Any-Listed MHSA Condition Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank
Mood disorders 5,101,384 42.7 1 2,181,030 39.2 1 1,742,240 42.2 1 1,178,114 52.0 1
Anxiety disorders 3,124,412 26.1 1 1,496,888 26.9 2 974,556 23.6 3 652,968 28.8 2
Alcohol-related conditions 2,738,638 22.9 3 1,297,112 23.3 4 1,194,566 29.0 2 246,960 10.9 4
Drug-related conditions 2,108,081 17.6 4 1,329,439 23.9 3 676,336 16.4 4 102,306 4.5 5
Schizophrenia and other psychoses 1,180,445 9.9 5 485,056 8.7   438,121 10.6 5 257,268 11.4 3
Intentional self-harm 792,939 6.6   547,015 9.8 5 218,744 5.3   27,180 1.2  
Top 5 Conditions 11,478,986 96.0   5,096,980 91.6   4,018,696 97.4   2,207,321 97.4  
  Primary Expected Payer Categories
  Medicare Medicaid Private Uninsured
Any-Listed MHSA Condition Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank Number of ED Visits Percent Rank
Mood disorders 1,861,816 51.9 1 994,401 42.2 1 1,336,643 43.6 1 722,497 29.5 2
Anxiety disorders 926,724 25.8 2 550,350 23.4 3 999,872 32.6 2 531,155 21.7 4
Alcohol-related conditions 471,217 13.1 4 536,237 22.8 4 671,793 21.9 3 910,168 37.1 1
Drug-related conditions 362,469 10.1 5 572,138 24.3 2 397,717 13.0 4 669,124 27.3 3
Schizophrenia and other psychoses 557,384 15.5 3 308,986 13.1 5 127,669 4.2   144,884 5.9  
Intentional self-harm 131,071 3.7   181,164 7.7   208,907 6.8 5 231,094 9.4 5
Top 5 Conditions 3,488,808 97.3   2,255,615 95.8   2,866,050 93.5   2,310,443 94.3  
Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2007
Note: Other expected payer is not included in this table. Other expected payer accounts for ‹4 percent of ED visits related to MHSA. Percentages in each column total more than 100 percent because multiple diagnoses can be listed on a record.



Internet Citation: Statistical Brief #92. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). May 2016. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb92.jsp.
Are you having problems viewing or printing pages on this website?
If you have comments, suggestions, and/or questions, please contact hcup@ahrq.gov.
Privacy Notice, Viewers & Players
Last modified 5/16/16