While some of the most common conditions varied by age group, some conditions were common across several age groups.

• Acute bronchitis was a top five condition among infants less than 1 year old and children 1 to 2 years old. Male infants less than 1 year old had a 42-percent higher rate of stays for acute bronchitis compared to female infants (235 male stays versus 165 female stays per 10,000 population, respectively). There was no male-to-female difference for acute bronchitis among 1-2 year olds.
• Fluid and electrolyte disorders were a common condition among children 1 to 2 years old, 3 to 5 years old, and 6 to 9 years old. Males and females had a similar rate of stays for this condition across all age groups.
• Pneumonia was a common condition in four age groups (1 to 2 years, 3 to 5 years, 6 to 9 years, and 10 to 14 years old). The rate of stays for pneumonia between sexes was similar across all age groups.
• Asthma was also a common condition in four age groups (1 to 2 years, 3 to 5 years, 6 to 9 years, and 10 to 14 years old). Among 1 to 9 year olds, males had 64- to 75-percent higher rates of stays for asthma compared to females.
• Epilepsy was common among children 3 to 5 years old and 6 to 9 years old. The rate of stays for epilepsy between sexes was similar.
• Mood disorders was common among 10 to 14 and 15 to 17 year olds. While there was no male-to-female difference for 10 to 14 year olds, females 15 to 17 years old had a 70-percent higher rate of hospitalization for mood disorders in 2009 than males (46 female stays per 10,000 population versus 27 male stays per 10,000 population).
• Appendicitis was also common among three age groups (6 to 9 years, 10 to 14 years, and 15 to 17 years old). In these age groups, males had 36- to 58-percent higher rates of stays for appendicitis compared to females.

For infants:

• The most common condition was liveborn (newborn infant), which was similar for males and females (9,744 male stays and 9,739 female stays per 10,000 population).
• Acute bronchitis, hemolytic jaundice, short gestation, and urinary tract infections were other top conditions among infants. Except for short gestation and urinary tract infections, these conditions occurred more frequently in males.

For children 1-2 years:

• Pneumonia was a top condition among 1 to 2 year olds, but the rate of stays were similar for males and females.
• Other common conditions that were similar between sexes were fluid and electrolyte disorders, acute bronchitis, and skin and subcutaneous tissue infections, for which there were no male-to-female differences.

For children 3-5 years:

• Pneumonia was the most common condition, but the hospitalization rate was similar between sexes.
• Skin infections were another common condition among children 3 to 5 years old. The rate of stays for skin infections between males and females were similar.

For children 6-9 years:

• Among children 6 to 9 years old, asthma was the most common condition and was 64 percent higher for males than females.
• Only appendicitis differed between males and females, while rates for pneumonia and fluid and electrolyte disorders were similar between sexes.

For children 10-14 years:

• Among 10 to 14 year olds, mood disorders was the most common condition and the rate of stays was similar for males and females.
• Skin infections were another common condition among children 10 to 14 year olds. Males had a 25-percent higher rate of stays for skin infections than females (5 male stays and 4 female stays per 10,000 population).

For children 15-17 years:

• Mood disorders was the most common condition in children 15 to 17 years old. Females had a 70-percent higher rate of stays for mood disorders compared to males (46 female stays and 27 male stays per 10,000 population).
• Conditions related to pregnancy and childbirth (trauma to vulva and perineum due to childbirth, prolonged pregnancy, and normal pregnancy) were common among females in this age group.
• Injury-related stays were more frequent among males than females in this age group. Hospitalization rates for fracture of lower limb and intracranial injury were more than twice as high for males as for females.
• Males had a 33-percent higher rate of stays for skin infections than females.

Although some of the most frequent procedures varied by age group, some procedures were common across several age groups.

• Diagnostic spinal tap was a top five procedure in four age groups (less than 1 year, 1 to 2 years, 6 to 9 years, and 10 to 14 years old). Among 6 to 9 year olds, males had a higher rate of diagnostic spinal tap in the hospital than females (3 male stays versus 2 female stays per 10,000 population). For all other age groups, the rate of diagnostic spinal tap was similar between males and females.
• Cancer chemotherapy was a common procedure in children age 1 to 2, 3 to 5, 6 to 9, 10 to 14, and 15 to 17 years old. The rate of hospital stays for cancer chemotherapy was similar between the sexes for all of these age groups.
• Appendectomy was frequently performed in children 3 to 5, 6 to 9, 10 to 14, and 15 to 17 years old. With the exception of children 3 to 5 years, males had 36- to 50-percent higher rates of appendectomy than females.
• Blood transfusion was commonly performed among children 3 to 5 and 6 to 9 years old. Males 6 to 9 years old had higher rates of blood transfusion compared to females (2 male stays versus 1 female stay per 10,000 population).

For infants:

• The most common procedure performed on infants was vaccinations and inoculations. Females had almost twice the rate of these procedures compared to males (3,136 performed in female stays versus 1,836 performed in male stays per 10,000 population).
• Circumcision was also a common procedure performed among male infants.

For children 1-2 years:

• Incision and drainage of the skin was the most common procedure among children 1 to 2 years old. Females experienced a 36-percent higher rate of stays for incision and drainage of the skin compared to males (15 female stays versus 11 male stays per 10,000 population).
• Among children 1 to 2 years old, males had twice the rate of tonsillectomies as females (6 male stays versus 3 female stays per 10,000 population).
• Other common procedures among 1 to 2 year olds were respiratory intubation and diagnostic spinal tap.

For children 3-5 years:

• Appendectomy was one of the top procedures performed among 3 to 5 year olds and the rate of hospitalizations was similar between males and females.
• Children 3 to 5 years old also had cancer chemotherapy, respiratory intubation, and tonsillectomies frequently performed, at a similar rate among males and females.

For children 6-9 years:

• Appendectomy was the most frequently performed procedure in children 6 to 9 years old. Males underwent appendectomy at a 44-percent higher rate than females (13 male stays versus 9 female stays per 10,000 population).
• Other common procedures performed in children 6 to 9 years old included blood transfusion and respiratory intubation. The rate of male stays for blood transfusion was double the rate for females (2 male stays versus 1 female stay per 10,000 population).

For children 10-14 years:

• Appendectomy was also the most common procedure performed among 10 to 14 year olds, accounting for a 50-percent higher rate among males than females (18 male stays and 12 female stays per 10,000 population).
• Among children 10 to 14 years old, females had three times the rate of spinal fusion as males (3 female stays versus 1 male stay per 10,000 population).
• Cancer chemotherapy; treatment, fracture or dislocation of hip or femur; and diagnostic spinal tap were other common procedures in this age group. Of these procedures, males had a 50-percent higher rate of stays for treatment, fracture or dislocation of hip or femur than females (3 male stays versus 2 female stays per 10,000 population).

For children 15-17 years:

• Among females 15 to 17 years old, procedures related to pregnancy and childbirth were four of the most commonly performed (Cesarean section, repair of obstetric laceration, episiotomy, and forceps, vacuum, and breech delivery).
• Among stays not related to pregnancy and childbirth, males had higher rates of procedures than females:
• Appendectomy was performed at a 36-percent higher rate for males than females (19 male stays versus 14 female stays per 10,000 population).
• Males underwent treatment for fracture or dislocation of lower extremity (other than hip or femur) at over twice the rate as females (5 male stays versus 2 female stays per 10,000 population).
• The rate of male stays with respiratory intubation and mechanical ventilation was 33 percent higher than for females (4 male stays versus 3 female stays per 10,000 population).

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